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Discipline: Natural Sciences: Earth Sciences & Astronomy

Course Name	Course Number	Objectives
Special Projects in Astronomy - Astrophotography	ASTR 99B	Students learn to create their original astroimages by meeting all of the course measurable objectives. 1- Students learn about the different kinds of astronomical objects they can image and how to choose the right telescope/camera combination to best capture that image by calculating their field of view. 2-Students pick out their preferred astrophotography targets in advance by taking into consideration what is visible this time of year and the available field of view of the equipment they are working with. 3- Students learn how to take images using DSLR all color cameras as well as a CCD monochrome camera using color filters and choose which method to capture their chosen targets. 4-Students process all the data gathered by their telescopes and distill it into a single comprehensive image by correctly applying calibration frames and stacking their images. 5- Students present their astrophotography images in a final portfolio that is presented to the rest of their class. 6- Students keep a detailed log of their telescope data and submit the relevant information in their final porfolio (number of exposures taken, location photo was taken, filters used, etc...)
Astronomical Observing Laboratory	ASTR 5L	Students will be able to apply three coordinate systems (terrestrial, equatorial, and alt-azimuth) to globes, maps, atlases and the planetarium. Students will be able to identify parts of equatorial-mount refracting and reflecting telescopes. Students will be able to interpret star atlases, maps, catalogs and planispheres. Students will be able to plot planetary, lunar and/or solar motions on a graph, utilizing appropriate tables of positions, and interpreting the objects' apparent motions on the celestial sphere Students will be able to identify winter and summer constellations and the brightest stars in each by name. Students will be able to classify spectra of main-sequence stars from an objective prism spectrogram, using key reference spectra. Students will be able to compare telescopes to determine which would be the best instrument for a given observation.
Earth Science	GEOL 8	Students will be able to describe and classify essential minerals and rocks that compose the Earth's crust. Students will be able to describe the origin and composition of Earth's atmosphere and how physical and chemical differences between air masses create clouds, precipitation, lightning and thunder, hurricanes, and tornadoes. Analyze atmospheric circulation patterns, their influence on ocean circulation (surface currents, waves, upwellings, etc.), and the physical and chemical factors affecting local and regional weather and climate. Students will be able to describe the origin and nature of the solar system (planets, moons, asteroids, meteoroids, comets) and other astronomic features (stars, galaxies) beyond Earth's solar system. Students will be able to apply scientific terminology and methodology to analyze the natural processes affecting the Earth. Students will be able to describe the geologic, meteorologic, oceanographic, and astronomic processes that affect the Earth today. Students will be able to synthesize inter-relationships between geologic, meteorologic, oceanographic and astronomic processes. Students will be able to analyze global plate tectonics and its influence on the formation and occurrence of minerals, rocks, earthquakes and volcanoes, continents and oceans, and their physical features. Students will be able to assess atmospheric circulation patterns, their influence on ocean circulation (surface currents, waves, upwellings, etc.), and the physical and chemical factors affecting local and regional weather and climate.
Earth Science - Honors	GEOL 8H	Students will be able to describe the geologic, meteorologic, oceanographic, and astronomic processes that affect the Earth today. Students will be able to synthesize inter-relationships between geologic, meteorologic, oceanographic and astronomic processes. Students will be able to analyze global plate tectonics and its influence on the formation and occurrence of minerals, rocks, earthquakes and volcanoes, continents and oceans, and their physical features. Students will be able to describe and classify essential minerals and rocks that compose the Earth's crust. Analyze atmospheric circulation patterns, their influence on ocean circulation (surface currents, waves, upwellings, etc.), and the physical and chemical factors affecting local and regional weather and climate. Students will be able to describe the origin and composition of Earth's atmosphere and how physical and chemical differences between air masses create clouds, precipitation, lightning and thunder, hurricanes, and tornadoes. Students will be able to describe the origin and nature of the solar system (planets, moons, asteroids, meteoroids, comets) and other astronomic features (stars, galaxies) beyond Earth's solar system. Students will be able to apply scientific terminology and methodology to analyze the natural processes affecting the Earth. Students will be able to evaluate contemporary scientific issues and relate these to Earth's physical environment and processes.
Earth Science Laboratory	GEOL 8L	Students will be able to apply the scientific method in analyzing Earth's processes. Students will be able to interpret information portrayed on graphs, tables, and maps. Students will be able to classify and identify essential minerals and rocks that compose the Earth's crust. Students will be able to describe the steps and results of a scientific investigation. Students will be able to utilize appropriate methods and tools for data collection in the Earth Sciences. Students will be able to interpret spatial data in the Earth Sciences. Students will be able to apply simple mathematical formulas in describing the velocity of seismic waves, locating an earthquake epicenter, calculating rates of motion of tectonic plates, and determining physical characteristics of ocean waves.
Environmental Geology	GEOL 9	EXAMINE DATA TO CALCULATE, INTERPRET AND PREDICT THE EFFECTS OF ENVIRONMENTALLY IMPORTANT GEOLOGIC PROCESSES See att doc Study the sketch to analyze ground water quality. See att doc Students will be able to describe the causes and results of geologic processes and their consequences to humans 5. Relate components and process of the hydrologic cycle as a closed system.
Environmental Geology Laboratory	GEOL 9L	describe the scientific method as applied in the earth sciences; and demonstrate an ability to use math and metrics to analyze environmental issues.
Geologic Field Studies: Central California	GEOL 24	1. What is an unconformity? 2. What kind of rock makes up the Sierra Nevada Mountains? 3. What is a glacier? Students will be able to identify and describe dominant features, geological structures, and processes from regions visited on field trips. Students will be able to apply primary geological principles. Students will be able to evaluate and classify major rock types. Students will be able to interpret central California geologic features using photographic essays. Students will be able to compare and contrast geological features between selected central California geological provinces.
Geologic Field Studies: Southern California	GEOL 25	Students will be able to identify and describe dominant features, geological structures, and processes from regions visited on field trips. Students will be able to apply primary geological principles. Students will be able to evaluate and classify major rock types. Students will be able to evaluate and classify common minerals. Students will be able to interpret Southern California geological features using photographic essays. Students will be able to compare and contrast geological features between selected Southern California geological provinces. Student will be able to produce a rudimentary geologic map through individual or team field work: should include use of a Jacob Staff to measure and describe lithologies in a a stratigraphic section, use Brunton to measure several dips and strikes on each mapping unit, correct identification of a fault, approximate placement of unit contacts.
Geology of California	GEOL 7	Students will be able to identify earth materials pertaining to California. Students will be able to analyze geologic time as it relates to the evolution of the natural provinces of California. Students will be able to analyze how plate tectonics influences the formation and occurrence of minerals, rocks, earthquakes, volcanoes, and landscapes in California. Students will be able to apply scientific thinking and the scientific method to interpret and analyze data to solve geologic problems specific to California. Students will be able to analyze causes and effects of geologic processes in the California provinces.
Geology of the Solar System	ASTR 7	Students will be able to compare and contrast current theories of the origin and evolution of the solar system. Students will be able to apply basic principles of remote sensing. Students will be able to describe the various processes responsible for creating and altering the surfaces of planets, moons, asteroids, and meteorites. Students will be able to explain the basic motion of planets, with emphasis on the three basic motions of Earth (rotation, revolution, and precession), what causes them and how they can be measured. Students will be able to describe the major processes operating to shape the surface of the earth. Students will be able to describe the geometry and mechanisms of lunar and solar eclipses and lunar phases. Students will be able to describe the nature of electromagnetic radiation, and demonstrate basic principles of optics. Students will be able to evaluate the limitations and types of instruments that characterize space missions.
Historical Geology	GEOL 2	Students will be able to articulate the concept of deep geologic time using the record of rocks and fossils. Students will be able to reconstruct paleogeographic conditions through analysis of biogeochemical data Students will be able to analyze causes and effects of Earth processes in the evolution of life and the Earth's crust using the scientific method and scientific thinking. Students will be able to describe how global tectonics has influenced geography, climate, and evolution of life through time. Students will be able to describe and categorize sedimentary rocks and construct geologic maps.
Introduction to Astronomy	ASTR 5	Students will be able to identify and explain the basic motion of the planets. Students will be able to compare the three motions of the earth and predict the motion of objects in the sky due to these motions. Students will be able to relate the major structures of the universe to specific units of measurement. Students will be able to summarize and evaluate our current understanding of cosmology. Students will be able to explain the motion and phases of the Moon, as well as the mechanism of eclipses. Students will be able to analyze electromagnetic radiation. Students will be able to summarize and evaluate current theories of the origin and evolution of the solar system. Students will be able to classify and identify meteorites based on their visual properties. Students will be able to explain stellar evolution.
Introduction to Astronomy-Honors	ASTR 5H	Students will be able to compare the three motions of the earth and predict the motion of the sky due to these motions. Students will be able to identify and explain the basic motion of the planets. Students will be able to relate the major structures of the universe to specific units of measurement. Students will be able to explain the motion and phases of the Moon, as well as the mechanism of eclipses. Student will be able to classify types electromagnetic radiation. Students will be able to summarize and evaluate current theories of the origin and evolution of the solar system. Students will be able to classify and identify meteorites based on their visual properties. Students will be able to explain stellar evolution. Students will be able to summarize and evaluate our current understanding of cosmology. Students will be able to identify current developments in astronomy and understand their significance. Students will be able to evaluate and discuss the merits of proposed astronomical instruments (telescopes, satellites, etc.).
Introduction to Astrophysics	ASTR 11	Students will successfully complete research project and present. Course outcome is to be determined. One or more of the CMOs will be selected to develop SLOs. MEASURABLE OBJECTIVES 1. Calculate the color and luminosity of a star based on its temperature. 2. Explain the physical processes that produce blackbody radiation and emission/absorption lines. 3. Explain the connection between fundamental properties of stars including luminosity, temperature, and mass. 4. Classify types of binary systems and calculate stellar masses using orbital properties 5. Explain the effect that interstellar gas has on the observed spectra of stars. 6. Explain the physical changes in a star as it evolves into its post-main sequence life. 7. Measure dark matter fractions and discuss evidence for supermassive black holes using galaxy rotation curves. 8. Explain current and historical theories of cosmology. 9. Summarize recent extrasolar planet discoveries and calculate properties of extrasolar planets10.
Introduction to Oceanography	OCEA 10	Students will be able to provide examples of ways in which modern knowledge of the ocean was achieved through use of the scientific method. Students will be able to summarize the geologic time scale, and apply it to the age of the Earth and ocean. Students will be able to describe how atmospheric circulation influences ocean circulation (surface currents, waves, upwelling, etc.); explain how physical and chemical factors of the ocean affect weather and climate. Students will be able to apply scientific terms and the scientific method in analyzing ocean processes and the results of those processes. Students will be able to evaluate the human impact on the ocean, especially in coastal areas and in relation to global climate change
Introduction to Oceanography - Honors	OCEA 10H	Students will be able to explain how physical and chemical factors of the ocean affect global and local weather and climate in the past, present and future. Students will be able to evaluate the human impact on the ocean, especially in coastal areas and in relation to global climate change. 8. Identify and explain current developments in oceanography and their scientific significance. Students will be able to explain how volcanic eruptions, weathering, erosion, sedimentation, and the motion of tectonic plates are responsible for the origin and character of Earth's ocean. Students will be able to apply scientific terms and the scientific method in analyzing ocean processes and the results of those processes. Students will be able to provide examples of ways in which modern knowledge of the ocean was achieved through use of the scientific method. Students will be able to describe how atmospheric circulation influences ocean circulation.
Introduction to Oceanography Laboratory	OCEA 10L	Students will be able to interpret information displayed in graphs, tables, charts, and maps. Students will be able to apply simple mathematical formulas and tools to determine rate of motion of tectonic plates, physical characteristics of ocean waves (e.g. velocity), bathymetry, and chemical characteristics of seawater. Students will be able to collect and analyze ocean salinity, temperature, water depth, and pH data. Students will be able to apply the scientific method in analyzing oceanographic data and interpreting ocean processes. Students will be able to describe the steps involved in obtaining results in a scientific investigation.
Introduction to Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe	ASTR 8	Students will be able to summarize recent advances in current scientific understanding of the field of cosmology. Students will be able to explain current theories relating to the origins and evolutionary cycles of stars of various masses; include a description and evaluation of our current understanding of the nature of bizarre objects like white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black holes. Students will be able to describe the historical development of cosmology, from the perspectives of ancient cultures up through modern times. Students will be able to identify and describe the various types and structures of galaxies. Students will be able to describe the scale of the universe and relate it to specific units of measurement. Student will be able to identify and describe methods of analysis of electromagnetic radiation. Students will be able to recognize the structure and principles underlying the operation of various telescopes. Students will be able to analyze the structure and location of the Earth and the objects in our solar system as a model of a stellar system in the universe. Students will be able to describe the motions of celestial objects.
Natural Disasters	GEOL 10	Students will be able to compare and contrast the role governments and private individuals take in prevention of natural disasters. Students will be able to explain important geologic and other natural processes contributing to a disaster. Students will be able to interpret the probable causes for various disasters using scientific methods/principles and real world data. Students will be able to investigate historical disasters to analyze the impact on science, people and governments. Students will be able to predict the impact of potential future disasters based on analyses of earlier investigations into actual disasters. Students will be able to analyze hazards in the students' own environment in order to better prepare themselves and their community for a future natural disaster.
Physical Geology	GEOL 1	Students will be able to analyze patterns and trends in observable data from a natural system, and form conclusions based on those patterns and trends. Students will be able to apply scientific thinking and scientific method to analyze geologic problems, and the causes and effects of geologic processes. Students will be able to analyze deep time as it relates to the physical and chemical evolution of Earth over time. Students will be able to use simple tools and techniques for field and lab identification of common minerals and rocks. Students will be able to analyze how tectonics influences the formation and occurrence of minerals, rocks, earthquakes, volcanoes, oceans, continents, and landscapes.
Special Projects in Astronomy	ASTR 99	Students will be able to enhance his or her understanding of a specific problem or topic in astronomy. Students will be able to design, contract and execute a project in cooperation with an instructor. Students will be able to expand a chosen idea, theory, or hypothesis through an approved method of exploration. Students will be able to analyze data acquired through project activities. Students will be able to validate project information in an appropriate mode: essay, report, spreadsheet or graphical analysis, journal article, multimedia, or poster presentation Students will be able to develop accurate and complete records of project activities.
Special Projects in Astronomy - Planetarium	ASTR 99C	Students create their original planetarium show of at least 15 minutes in length and present to a live audience. This include all of the CMSs for this course. 1- Students use their knowledge of the night sky to pick dates/times when constellations they would like to highlight in their show will be visible to program the visuals for their show. 2-Students submit an outline and script of their planetarium show. 3- Students revise their planetarium script multiple times throughout the semster 4- Students learn to program visuals for their planetarium show. Many of these programs require repeated trouble shooting to get the right date, time, camera angle and astronomy elements to get the visual they need fo their show. 5 - Students are scheduled to give their final planetarium presentation on November 3, 2022 6- Students will submit their final show presentation and programmed scripts for their show a the end of the semester.
Special Projects in Geology	GEOL 99	Students will be able to recognize a research problem. Students will be able to use a university library to compile a bibliography of essential peer-reviewed literature relevant to the project. Students will be able to summarize the essence of 3 to 5 peer-reviewed journal articles relevant to the project. Students will be able to analyze data acquired through project activities. Students will be able to validate project information in an appropriate mode -- essay, report, spreadsheet/graphical analysis, journal article or multimedia or poster presentation Students will be able to develop accurate and complete records of project activities. Students will conduct research, prepare presentation, and present to a class, at a conference or other platform
Special Topics in Field Geology	GEOL 29	Students will be able to identify igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks. Students will be able to identify common rock-forming minerals. Students will be able to analyze topographic and geologic maps. Students will be able to interpret geologic outcrops. Students will be able to interpret the geologic history of an area.
The Coastal Ocean	OCEA 20	This is a new course, and have not been offered yet. when we successfully offer this course for the first time, SLOs questions are to be developed. MEASURABLE OBJECTIVES 1. Apply scientific thinking and scientific method to analyze problems related to coastal oceanography, biology, and geology. 2. Classify and identify essential minerals and rocks that are pertinent to the California coastal environment. 3. Utilize appropriate tools and techniques for data collection in the field and lab. 4. Analyze how tectonic and oceanographic processes influence the formation and features of coasts. 5. Analyze the effect of rising sea level on populations, ecosystems, and resources. 6. Describe and identify tidal organisms and distinguish how their adaptations allow them to take advantage of their position in various tidal zones
Weather and Atmospheric Environment Laboratory	METO 3L	Students will be able to Analyze the socio-economic impact of weather and climate change. Students will be able to predict/forecast weather patterns based on trends in available data. Students will be able to comprehend common weather phenomena. Students will be able to assess current weather conditions and explain the processes that created these conditions. Students will be able to use electronic and analog equipment in weather data collection. Students will be able to interpret and analyze weather data.
Weather and the Atmospheric Environment	METO 3	Students will be able to describe and explain current weather events and the processes that created these conditions. Students will be able to demonstrate proficiency in problem solving skills as they relate to meteorology. Students will be able to interpret and analyze various weather conditions. Students will be able to analyze basic weather trends based on current weather data. Students will be able to comprehend common weather phenomena. Students will be able to Analyze the socio-economic impact of weather and climate change.

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